Cheap Places In Asia To Travel: Explore Budget-Friendly Destinations In 2024 [Updated On 2025]

Discover cheap places in Asia for budget travelers. Thailand, Vietnam, and Cambodia offer affordable accommodations and tasty street food. In Iran, daily expenses can be as low as $25. These budget-friendly destinations ensure enjoyable travel experiences without straining your wallet.

Thailand, known for its stunning beaches and vibrant cities, also offers great value. Locations like Chiang Mai feature affordable guesthouses and access to beautiful natural landscapes. Exploring the local markets can yield both unique souvenirs and budget-friendly meals.

The Philippines boasts over 7,000 islands, many of which are cost-effective to visit. Places like Palawan and Cebu offer breathtaking scenery and inexpensive activities, such as snorkeling and hiking.

The growing awareness of budget travel in Asia makes these destinations increasingly popular. As more travelers seek affordable experiences, exploring cheap places in Asia to travel becomes an appealing choice. This trend encourages tourism in lesser-known areas, which benefits local economies.

Next, we will delve into specific tips for saving money while visiting these beautiful countries.

Table of Contents

What Are the Cheapest Countries to Visit in Asia in 2024?

The cheapest countries to visit in Asia in 2024 include countries that offer affordable accommodations, food, and attractions. Some notable options are:

Vietnam
Thailand
Cambodia
India
Laos
Indonesia
Nepal

These countries provide diverse travel experiences at lower costs. However, travelers may have different preferences based on activities or cultural experiences.

Vietnam: Vietnam is known for its rich history, beautiful landscapes, and vibrant street food culture. Cities like Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City offer budget-friendly hostels and local markets where meals can be enjoyed for just a few dollars. According to a report by Numbeo in 2023, the cost of living in Vietnam is significantly low, making it a prime destination for budget travelers.
Thailand: Thailand remains a top choice for budget travelers due to its extensive tourist infrastructure. Places like Chiang Mai and Pai offer affordable accommodation and authentic experiences. A meal from a street vendor can cost as little as $1. The Tourism Authority of Thailand reported in 2022 that digital nomad culture has increased, enhancing budget-friendly options in less touristy areas.
Cambodia: Cambodia attracts visitors with its ancient temples and low prices. Angkor Wat is a must-see, and entry costs are reasonable compared to other archaeological sites. According to the World Bank in 2021, Cambodia offers one of the lowest costs of living in Southeast Asia, with hostels starting at around $10 per night.
India: India is vast and diverse, offering experiences from luxury to economy. Travelers can find low-cost accommodations and street food for a few dollars. A 2023 study by the Indian Ministry of Tourism highlighted the availability of affordable travel packages catering to budget travelers.
Laos: Laos is less traveled, which keeps prices low. The capital, Vientiane, and cities like Luang Prabang offer tranquil experiences. Backpacker hostels and local eateries keep costs down. The Asian Development Bank in 2022 noted the rising popularity of sustainable tourism in Laos.
Indonesia: Indonesia, particularly Bali, offers affordable activities and accommodations. Beyond Bali, places like Yogyakarta are budget-friendly. Reports from the Indonesian Bureau of Statistics show that tourism prices are generally low, catering to backpackers.
Nepal: Nepal is famed for trekking and natural beauty. Budget accommodations are plentiful, especially in Kathmandu and Pokhara. The Nepal Tourism Board reported in 2023 that trekking packages offer good value for budget-conscious adventurers.

Overall, the choice of destination depends on personal interests and what travelers prioritize during their trip. Each of these countries provides unique experiences that cater to different travel styles while maintaining low costs.

Which Affordable Countries Offer Unique Experiences for Travelers?

Several affordable countries provide unique experiences for travelers, including Vietnam, Portugal, Mexico, Morocco, and Bulgaria.

Vietnam
Portugal
Mexico
Morocco
Bulgaria

These countries differ in culture, history, and accessibility, offering diverse experiences. Travelers can enjoy scenic landscapes, rich culinary traditions, and vibrant local customs. While some might prioritize affordability, others may seek adventure or relaxation.

Now, let’s explore some of these affordable countries in detail.

Vietnam:
Vietnam offers stunning landscapes, vibrant street food, and rich cultural experiences. The country is known for its breathtaking scenery, such as Ha Long Bay and the terraced rice fields of Sapa. Vietnam has been ranked one of the most affordable countries for travelers, with low costs for food, accommodation, and activities. According to a 2022 study by Budget Your Trip, the average daily cost for a traveler in Vietnam is around $30 to $50. Experiences such as exploring ancient temples or cycling through the countryside are uniquely memorable.
Portugal:
Portugal is famous for its picturesque cities and historical sites. Destinations like Lisbon and Porto offer affordable dining and accommodations, while providing access to stunning architecture and beautiful coastlines. A 2023 report by Numbeo indicated that the cost of living in Portugal is significantly lower than in many Western European countries. Travelers can enjoy Porto’s wine cellars or Algarve’s stunning beaches at reasonable prices. Portugal’s blend of culture and affordability attracts many travelers seeking unique experiences.
Mexico:
Mexico features diverse landscapes, rich history, and vibrant culture. Popular destinations such as Oaxaca and Yucatán provide unique culinary experiences alongside ancient ruins. According to a 2023 study by HSBC, Mexico remains one of the most cost-effective travel destinations in North America. The daily expenses average between $30 to $70, depending on destination choices. Visitors can explore Mayan history, indulge in local cuisine, and engage in cultural festivals, creating an enriching travel experience.
Morocco:
Morocco is known for its colorful markets, scenic landscapes, and rich traditions. Cities like Marrakech and Fes offer unique experiences through their souks, palaces, and historical sites. A report by the UK Foreign Office notes that travelers can enjoy reasonably priced accommodations and food, with average daily expenses around $50. Unique activities include visiting the Sahara Desert or exploring ancient medinas. Morocco’s blend of cultural and natural beauty makes it an affordable destination with distinctive experiences.
Bulgaria:
Bulgaria combines historical sites, diverse geography, and affordability. Known for its Black Sea coast and traditional mountain villages, Bulgaria offers unique experiences. According to a 2023 study by Expatistan, the cost of living in Sofia, the capital, is significantly lower than in many European cities. Daily expenses are around $25 to $60. Travelers can explore the Rila Monastery, enjoy local folklore, or hike scenic trails, highlighting the country’s cultural richness and natural beauty.

In conclusion, diverse countries like Vietnam, Portugal, Mexico, Morocco, and Bulgaria provide unique experiences at affordable prices. Each destination offers distinct cultures, landscapes, and activities, making them valuable options for budget-conscious travelers.

What Budget-Friendly Cities Should You Explore in Asia?

Cheap Places in Asia to Travel: Explore Budget-Friendly Destinations in 2024

Hanoi, Vietnam
Bangkok, Thailand
Cebu, Philippines
Siem Reap, Cambodia
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Jaipur, India

These cities offer affordable accommodation, food, and transportation. However, some travelers may prioritize luxury or unique experiences, leading them to consider more expensive destinations.

Hanoi, Vietnam:
Hanoi, Vietnam, is known for its vibrant culture and low costs. The average daily budget for a traveler can be around $20-30. Street food is delicious and inexpensive. A bowl of pho can cost under $2. Many attractions, like Hoan Kiem Lake, are free. Budget accommodation is widely available.
Bangkok, Thailand:
Bangkok, Thailand, is a bustling city with a rich culinary scene. Daily expenses for a budget traveler are approximately $30-50. Visitors can enjoy street food for under $1. Numerous temples, such as Wat Pho, offer low admission fees. Public transport, like the BTS Skytrain, is economical and efficient.
Cebu, Philippines:
Cebu, Philippines, provides beautiful beaches and adventure activities. A budget traveler can manage with $30-40 a day. Cheap local eateries serve meals for around $3. Island hopping tours are available at reasonable prices. Many natural attractions have free entry.
Siem Reap, Cambodia:
Siem Reap, Cambodia, is famous for the Angkor Wat temple complex. The cost for a budget traveler is generally $20-40 per day. Local foods like amok fish cost about $2. Entrance fees to temples are comparatively low. Affordable guesthouses accommodate many visitors.
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia:
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, is a cosmopolitan city with diverse cultures. Daily expenses for travel range from $30-50. Affordable street food can be found for $2-3. Attractions like the Petronas Towers offer free outdoor parks. Public transport options are budget-friendly.
Yogyakarta, Indonesia:
Yogyakarta, Indonesia, is a cultural hub on the island of Java. Budget travelers spend around $20-30 daily. Traditional meals are available for as low as $1. The Borobudur temple complex has low admission fees. Many art galleries are free to enter.
Jaipur, India:
Jaipur, India, often called the Pink City, offers affordable travel options. A daily budget can be around $25-40. Street snacks like samosas cost under $1. Entry to landmarks such as Hawa Mahal is low-priced. Local buses and rickshaws offer cheap transportation.

Each of these destinations provides unique experiences without straining your budget.

What Are the Best Budget Destinations in Thailand?

The best budget destinations in Thailand include Chiang Mai, Pai, Krabi, Koh Lanta, and Bangkok, where travelers can enjoy affordable accommodations, delicious street food, and stunning nature without breaking the bank.

Chiang Mai
Pai
Krabi
Koh Lanta
Bangkok

These diverse locations each offer unique experiences and advantages for budget travelers. While some may prefer the cultural richness of Chiang Mai, others might enjoy the beach relaxation in Krabi.

Chiang Mai: Chiang Mai is known for its rich cultural heritage and affordability. Backpackers and budget travelers can find numerous guesthouses and hostels at low prices. The cost of living is relatively low, making it easy to enjoy local cuisine and attractions without overspending. Popular activities include visiting temples, participating in cooking classes, and exploring nearby national parks.
Pai: Pai is a small town that attracts a younger crowd seeking a laid-back atmosphere. Known for its beautiful scenery and hot springs, Pai offers budget accommodations and affordable food options. The town’s charm lies in its relaxed vibe, with many travelers opting to rent scooters to explore the surrounding countryside.
Krabi: Krabi offers stunning beaches and exciting outdoor activities for budget travelers. It boasts a range of affordable hotels and hostels, as well as affordable street food. Visitors can partake in activities such as island hopping, kayaking, and rock climbing, all without incurring high costs.
Koh Lanta: Koh Lanta is known for its tranquil environment and beautiful beaches. While it is a popular destination, it still offers various budget-friendly accommodations. Travelers can enjoy fresh seafood and local delicacies at inexpensive beachside restaurants. The island’s laid-back atmosphere makes it ideal for relaxation.
Bangkok: Bangkok, Thailand’s bustling capital, offers countless budget-friendly options. Accommodations range from affordable hostels to inexpensive hotels. Street food is abundant and cheap, allowing visitors to taste local flavors. The city’s attractions, including temples and markets, can often be explored at little or no cost.

These destinations provide affordable options for travelers seeking memorable experiences without significant financial strain. Each place has unique appeal, ensuring that travelers can find a location that suits their interests and budgets.

Which Cities in Vietnam Are Suited for Thrifty Travelers?

The cities in Vietnam that are suited for thrifty travelers include Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, Hoi An, and Da Nang.

Ho Chi Minh City
Hanoi
Hoi An
Da Nang

These cities offer various attractions and amenities for budget-conscious explorers. They feature affordable accommodations, inexpensive local food, and various free or low-cost activities. However, some may argue that emerging tourist destinations can be pricier due to increased demand.

Ho Chi Minh City provides a vibrant atmosphere with diverse street food options and various low-cost lodging opportunities. Backpackers frequently visit this city for its affordable hostels and bustling markets. Local dishes such as pho and banh mi are widely available at very low prices.

Hanoi is known for its rich history and culture. The Old Quarter offers cheap street food and economical accommodation. Visitors can explore many historical sites without entry fees. Additionally, public transportation remains inexpensive, enhancing the city’s affordability for travelers.

Hoi An is a smaller city renowned for its charming ancient town and beautiful beaches. Travelers can enjoy low-cost bicycle rentals to explore the area. The local cuisine is affordable, with many street vendors offering delicious meals. Some activities, like walking along the river and visiting the lantern-lit streets, are free.

Da Nang is known for its stunning beaches and proximity to historical sites. It is generally more affordable than larger cities. Visitors often find budget hotels and cheap eateries. The local public transport system offers cost-effective travel options, making it budget-friendly for those exploring the region.

How Can You Save Money While Traveling in Asia?

You can save money while traveling in Asia by planning carefully, choosing affordable accommodations, utilizing local transportation, enjoying street food, and being mindful of your spending.

Planning carefully allows you to make informed decisions about your itinerary and expenses. Research flights and accommodations ahead of time for the best deals. Websites like Skyscanner (2023) show that booking flights several months in advance can save travelers significant amounts, sometimes up to 30%.

Choosing affordable accommodations can drastically reduce costs. Hostels and guesthouses often provide lower rates compared to hotels. A report from Hostelworld (2023) indicates that the average nightly rate for a hostel in Southeast Asia is around $10, as opposed to $50 for a hotel room.

Utilizing local transportation is cost-effective. Buses, trains, and rickshaws offer lower fares than taxis or rental cars. The World Bank (2022) highlights that public transportation in countries like Thailand and Vietnam is very affordable, with fares often under $1 for short trips.

Enjoying street food can enhance your travel experience and save you money. Street vendors offer delicious meals at a fraction of restaurant prices. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO, 2023) notes that a meal from a street vendor in Thailand typically costs around $2, compared to $10 or more at a sit-down restaurant.

Being mindful of your spending is crucial. Set a daily budget and track your expenses. Use budgeting apps to manage your finances effectively. According to a study by Financial Conduct Authority (2023), travelers who plan their budgets tend to save at least 20% more than those who do not.

By following these strategies, you can enjoy your trip without overspending.

What Tips Can Help You Enjoy Local Cuisine on a Budget?

To enjoy local cuisine on a budget, explore affordable eateries, opt for street food, and seek local markets. Prioritize lunch specials and dining during off-peak hours.

Here are some tips for enjoying local cuisine on a budget:

Explore affordable eateries
Opt for street food
Visit local markets
Seek out lunch specials
Dine during off-peak hours
Look for food festivals or community events

By considering these tips, you can maximize your culinary experiences without overspending.

Exploring Affordable Eateries:
Exploring affordable eateries allows you to discover local favorites. Small restaurants, diners, and cafes often serve authentic dishes at lower prices. For instance, food blogs or travel guides frequently recommend places popular with residents rather than tourists.
Opting for Street Food:
Opting for street food can provide an authentic taste of local culture. Vendors often offer a variety of local dishes at lower prices than traditional restaurants. For example, street markets in Bangkok are famous for their inexpensive and delicious meals.
Visiting Local Markets:
Visiting local markets offers an opportunity to enjoy fresh produce and homemade dishes. Many markets feature food stalls offering prepared meals at reasonable prices. This experience also allows exploration of local ingredients and culinary traditions.
Seeking Out Lunch Specials:
Seeking out lunch specials can significantly reduce meal costs. Many restaurants offer discounted prices for lunch compared to dinner. In many cities, local favorites may be found at a fraction of the dinner price during lunchtime.
Dining During Off-Peak Hours:
Dining during off-peak hours can lead to better deals. Some establishments offer discounts for early bird diners or specials during slower times. This approach also allows for a more relaxed dining experience.
Looking for Food Festivals or Community Events:
Looking for food festivals or community events can provide access to various local dishes at lower costs. Such events often feature multiple vendors, showcasing regional specialties in a festive atmosphere. These gatherings can also introduce you to dishes you might not find elsewhere.

By employing these strategies, you can enjoy local cuisine deliciously and affordably.

What Free Attractions Should You Include in Your Itinerary?

Many free attractions enhance travel experiences. Including them in your itinerary saves money while providing cultural and historical insights.

Public Parks
Beaches
Museums with Free Admission Days
Historical Landmarks
Street Festivals or Markets
Local Art Installations
Nature Trails

These attractions vary in type and appeal. For instance, parks offer tranquility, while beaches provide leisure activities. Some prefer cultural venues, while others enjoy local festivities. Consider your interests when choosing which attractions to visit.

Public Parks: Public parks are green spaces available for recreational use. They often feature walking paths, playgrounds, and picnic areas. Central Park in New York City is an iconic example of a public park, attracting millions of visitors each year. These parks promote relaxation and outdoor activities, making them excellent free attractions.
Beaches: Beaches offer a natural setting with opportunities for swimming, sunbathing, and beach sports. Many coastal cities, such as Miami and San Diego, have beautiful public beaches. Accessing these beaches usually comes at no cost, allowing visitors to enjoy the sea and sand without spending money.
Museums with Free Admission Days: Numerous museums provide free admission on specific days or times. For instance, the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D.C. has multiple museums with no entry fee, showcasing art, history, and science. Attending on these days allows visitors to experience culture without a price tag.
Historical Landmarks: Historical landmarks serve as reminders of a city’s past. Examples include monuments, battlegrounds, and historic buildings. Many such sites are free to visit and offer educational insights. The Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. is a pivotal landmark that attracts visitors interested in American history.
Street Festivals or Markets: Street festivals and local markets provide vibrant cultural experiences. These events often include food vendors, live performances, and artisanal crafts. While some vendors charge for items, attending the festival itself is usually free, giving visitors a taste of local culture.
Local Art Installations: Many cities offer public art installations or murals by local artists. These artworks can be found in parks, along streets, or in community spaces. Exploring these installations gives visitors a sense of the local art scene and enriches their travel experience without any cost.
Nature Trails: Nature trails offer walking, hiking, and biking opportunities in scenic natural settings. National parks and reserves often have trails at no charge. Exploring these trails promotes physical activity while connecting with nature, making them an excellent choice for outdoor enthusiasts.

Incorporating free attractions into your travel itinerary can enhance your experience while keeping costs down. Whether you prefer nature, culture, or history, there are numerous free options available in most destinations.

When Is the Best Time to Travel to Cheap Destinations in Asia?

The best time to travel to cheap destinations in Asia generally falls during the low tourist seasons, which vary by country. Typically, these periods are from May to October for many Southeast Asian countries, such as Thailand and Vietnam. During these months, travelers can find lower prices on accommodations, flights, and activities.

Traveling during the shoulder seasons, which occur just before and after the peak tourist months, can also offer good deals. For example, visiting Indonesia in April or November can provide a balance of pleasant weather and reduced costs.

To secure the lowest prices, travelers should book flights and accommodations in advance and remain flexible with travel dates. This strategy increases the chances of finding the best deals. By aligning travel plans with these recommendations, travelers can enjoy budget-friendly adventures in Asia.

How Can Seasonal Tips Optimize Your Budget Travel in Asia?

Seasonal tips can significantly optimize your budget travel in Asia by helping you choose the right destinations, timing your trips for lower costs, and leveraging local events for savings.

Choosing the right destinations: Different parts of Asia offer unique experiences during different seasons. For instance, visiting Thailand during the low season from May to October can result in lower accommodation and flight prices. Studies show that travel costs can be up to 30% cheaper in off-peak months (Travelocity, 2023).

Timing your trips: Traveling during shoulder seasons, which are the periods right before or after peak seasons, can balance good weather and lower prices. For example, traveling to Japan in late March or early April can allow you to enjoy cherry blossom season without the high prices of peak tourist months. According to Lonely Planet, prices can drop by 20% during shoulder seasons (Lonely Planet, 2022).

Leveraging local events: Seasonal festivals and events provide both cultural experience and potential discounts. Participating in local celebrations often allows you to explore rich traditions at lower costs. For example, the Indonesian Bali Arts Festival in June offers free cultural events and local food at accessible prices, promoting cost-effectiveness. The Indonesia Tourism Ministry emphasizes that festivals not only enhance tourist experience but can also lead to savings (Indonesia Tourism Ministry, 2023).

By utilizing these seasonal tips, travelers can enhance their experiences while effectively managing and reducing their travel expenses in Asia.

What Costs Should You Consider When Planning a Trip to Asia?

When planning a trip to Asia, several costs should be considered to create a realistic budget for your journey.

Airfare
Accommodation
Food and Dining
Transportation
Activities and Excursions
Travel Insurance
Visa Fees
Currency Exchange Rates

Considering these various costs ensures a comprehensive planning approach. Different travelers may prioritize specific expenses based on their preferences and travel styles.

Airfare:
Airfare encompasses the cost of flights to and from your destination. This cost can vary significantly based on your departure location, the time of year, and how far in advance you book. According to Skyscanner data, flights to Asia from North America can range from $600 to over $1,200 round trip, depending on seasonal demand. It is advisable to compare prices across multiple airline websites and use fare alert tools to get the best deal.
Accommodation:
Accommodation costs are often a significant part of trip expenses. Options range from budget hostels—averaging $10-$20 per night—to luxury hotels, which can exceed $200 per night. A report by the Asia Hotels and Restaurants Association states that average hotel prices in key Asian cities like Bangkok and Tokyo are typically lower during the off-peak seasons. This fluctuation provides opportunities for savings.
Food and Dining:
Food costs can vary greatly depending on the dining choices. Street food may cost as little as $1-$3 per meal, while dining in upscale restaurants can easily exceed $30 per person. A 2022 survey by Numbeo noted that consumer food prices in Asia tend to be lower than those in Western countries. This dynamic allows travelers the flexibility to choose meals that fit their budget.
Transportation:
Transportation costs include local travel options such as trains, buses, taxis, or ridesharing services. For example, a metro ticket in cities like Seoul or Tokyo costs around $1-$2. A study from the Asian Development Bank highlights that using public transportation is often the most cost-effective way to navigate urban areas. Renting a scooter may also be an option in tourist-friendly cities, with costs averaging $5-$10 per day.
Activities and Excursions:
Costs for activities and excursions depend on the experiences sought. Entrance fees for attractions like temples or national parks may range from $1 to $20. Guided tours can increase that cost, sometimes exceeding $100. According to TripAdvisor reviews, budgeting for unique experiences can enhance your trip while helping manage expenses.
Travel Insurance:
Travel insurance is crucial for safeguarding against potential travel disruptions or emergencies. Costs typically range from $40 to $100 for a standard trip, depending on coverage and duration. The Insurance Information Institute highlights that business travelers often prioritize this to mitigate risks associated with international travel.
Visa Fees:
Visa costs depend on the destination country and traveler nationality. Fees can range from $20 to $100 or more, based on visa type and duration of stay. A 2023 report by the World Travel and Tourism Council indicates that understanding visa requirements ahead of travel can prevent unexpected expenses.
Currency Exchange Rates:
Understanding currency exchange rates can significantly impact overall trip costs. Fluctuations can alter how much spending power you have. According to Exchange Rates UK, it is recommended to monitor rates and consider exchanging currency in advance or using local ATMs for better rates while traveling.

By evaluating these costs, travelers can better understand their financial commitments while planning a trip to Asia. This assessment allows for adjustments to create a balanced and enjoyable travel experience.

How Can Transportation Costs Affect Your Travel Budget?

Transportation costs significantly impact your travel budget by influencing overall expenses, limiting destinations, and affecting travel choices. Understanding these aspects can help you plan your trip effectively.

Overall Expenses: Transportation often makes up a large chunk of a travel budget. According to the U.S. Travel Association (2021), transportation can account for 30-50% of total travel costs. Factors such as ticket prices, fuel costs, and public transport fares contribute to these expenses. For instance, flying to a destination can be more expensive than driving, especially if you are traveling with family or friends.
Limiting Destinations: High transportation costs can restrict your travel options. If flights to specific locations are expensive, travelers may choose destinations that are more affordable. Research by the World Tourism Organization (2020) shows that travelers often select destinations based on accessibility and travel expense. This decision can lead to missed opportunities to explore areas that are further away but culturally rich.
Affecting Travel Choices: Transportation costs influence the mode of travel chosen. For example, budget airlines and train services are often more affordable compared to private car rentals or taxis. A report by the International Air Transport Association (2022) indicated that many travelers are inclined to use lower-cost transport options to save money. Additionally, travelers may opt for public transport instead of hiring a car, which can provide a more budget-friendly experience when exploring a new city.
Timing and Flexibility: Transportation costs vary based on the time of booking and travel season. Travelers can save significant amounts by booking flights in advance or during off-peak times. A survey conducted by Skyscanner (2021) revealed that booking flights three months in advance can lead to savings of up to 25%. Flexibility with travel dates can also help in finding lower fares.
Hidden Costs: Transportation might include hidden costs that affect the travel budget. For example, baggage fees, fuel charges, and parking costs can quickly add to expenses. According to a study by Travel + Leisure (2021), many travelers often overlook these additional costs when budgeting, leading to unexpected financial strain.

By assessing transportation costs and their implications, travelers can create a more sustainable and enjoyable travel budget that aligns with their goals and preferences.

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