Can You Get An Ear Infection From Flying? Symptoms, Causes, And Prevention Tips For Airplane Ear [Updated On 2025]

You can get ear pain from flying due to pressure changes, often called airplane ear or ear barotrauma. If you have an ear infection, this pain may increase. Avoid flying when sick, especially with a common cold or sinusitis. Consult your doctor for advice, particularly for children’s health, to prevent complications.

Symptoms of airplane ear include muffled hearing, ear pain, and a feeling of fullness in the ear. Some people may also experience dizziness or ringing in the ears. These signs often develop during a flight or shortly after landing.

Causes of airplane ear primarily involve the eustachian tubes. These tubes connect the middle ear to the throat and help equalize pressure. If these tubes are blocked due to allergies, colds, or sinus infections, the risk of developing airplane ear increases.

To prevent airplane ear, try chewing gum or yawning during takeoff and landing. Staying hydrated and using nasal decongestants can also help keep the eustachian tubes clear.

Understanding these aspects of airplane ear is crucial for frequent travelers. Next, we will explore effective strategies to relieve discomfort during flights and options for treatment if symptoms persist.

Table of Contents

Can Flying Cause Ear Infections?

No, flying does not directly cause ear infections. However, changes in air pressure during flights can contribute to ear discomfort.

During takeoff and landing, the rapid changes in altitude can affect the Eustachian tubes, which help equalize pressure in the ear. If these tubes become blocked due to allergies or colds, fluid can build up in the middle ear. This fluid can create a breeding ground for bacteria, potentially leading to infections. Maintaining clear Eustachian tubes is important for ear health during flights, and methods like yawning or swallowing can assist in this pressure equalization.

What Changes Occur in Your Ears During a Flight?

Changes occur in your ears during a flight mainly due to shifts in air pressure.

The key changes in your ears during a flight are as follows:
1. Barometric pressure changes
2. Eustachian tube function
3. Ear barotrauma
4. Temporary hearing loss
5. Ear popping sensation

Understanding these changes can help individuals manage their ear discomfort while flying.

Barometric Pressure Changes: Barometric pressure changes happen as the airplane ascends and descends. Air pressure decreases at higher altitudes and increases during descent. This can create a pressure imbalance in the ear, leading to discomfort.
Eustachian Tube Function: The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the throat. It helps equalize pressure but may not function properly during flights. If it fails to open, pressure builds in the middle ear, causing discomfort or pain.
Ear Barotrauma: Ear barotrauma occurs when there is a significant pressure difference between the inside and outside of the eardrum. Symptoms include ear pain, dizziness, and even bleeding in severe cases. According to the American Academy of Otolaryngology, this condition can happen more frequently during flights.
Temporary Hearing Loss: Temporary hearing loss may occur due to the pressure changes affecting the eardrum’s ability to vibrate normally. This often resolves shortly after landing.
Ear Popping Sensation: The ear popping sensation results from the Eustachian tube opening to equalize pressure. Many people experience this immediately during ascent or descent. Chewing gum or yawning can facilitate this process.

By understanding these changes, passengers can take steps to minimize discomfort, such as swallowing, chewing, or using nasal decongestants as necessary.

How Do Air Pressure Changes Relate to Ear Infections?

Air pressure changes affect ear infections by influencing the pressure in the middle ear, which can lead to fluid buildup and infection. Here’s how these mechanisms work:

Middle ear function: The middle ear connects to the throat via the Eustachian tube. This tube helps balance air pressure on both sides of the eardrum. Changes in external air pressure, such as during takeoff or landing in an airplane, can affect this balance.
Pressure differences: When air pressure drops rapidly, the Eustachian tube may struggle to equalize the pressure. This pressure difference can cause discomfort and a sensation of fullness. Prolonged unequal pressure can lead to fluid accumulation.
Fluid buildup: Fluid may gather in the middle ear when the Eustachian tube cannot drain it properly. This fluid can become a breeding ground for bacteria, leading to an ear infection. According to a study published in the Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 70% of middle ear infections are related to fluid buildup (Gadkary et al., 2022).
Risk factors: Individuals with allergies, colds, or sinus infections may be more susceptible to ear infections during pressure changes. Their Eustachian tubes may already be inflamed or blocked, making it harder to equalize pressure.
Symptoms: Symptoms of ear infections may include pain, a feeling of fullness in the ear, hearing loss, and sometimes fever. If these symptoms arise during or after travel, seek medical evaluation.

In summary, air pressure changes can disrupt the normal functioning of the Eustachian tube, leading to fluid buildup and potentially resulting in ear infections. Maintaining Eustachian tube health is crucial for preventing these issues.

What Are the Symptoms of Ear Infections from Flying?

The symptoms of ear infections from flying include pain, pressure in the ear, muffled hearing, fluid discharge, and sometimes fever.

Pain in the ear
Pressure sensation
Muffled hearing
Fluid discharge
Fever

Understanding ear infections from flying involves examining the changes in air pressure that occur during takeoff and landing. These pressure changes can result in discomfort or lead to an ear infection known as “barotrauma.” Some individuals with pre-existing conditions, such as allergies or colds, may be more prone to these infections. Moreover, while airlines can implement measures to reduce pressure fluctuations, not all passengers may benefit from them equally.

Pain in the ear:
Pain in the ear occurs when pressure builds up in the middle ear. This can happen during flights as the cabin pressure changes rapidly. The Eustachian tube, which connects the middle ear to the throat, may struggle to equalize pressure. According to a study by Rachelle B. at the Journal of Otolaryngology in 2020, nearly 23% of passengers experience ear pain during flights due to this issue.
Pressure sensation:
A pressure sensation is a common experience during flying. When the plane ascends or descends, air pressure shifts rapidly, causing discomfort in the ear. This sensation can feel like fullness or stuffiness. The American Academy of Otolaryngology states that this outcome can lead to barotrauma if not relieved by yawning or swallowing.
Muffled hearing:
Muffled hearing occurs due to pressure differences affecting the eardrum. Passing through pressure changes can hinder the eardrum’s normal vibration, leading to reduced sound clarity. Research from the University of Iowa in 2019 found that individuals with previous ear surgeries were at heightened risk of experiencing muffled hearing during flights.
Fluid discharge:
Fluid discharge from the ear can indicate an infection or significant pressure difference. This could arise if bacteria or viruses enter the middle ear during sudden pressure changes. A report by Dr. Hanna Goodman in 2021 highlighted cases where excessive fluid discharge resulted from untreated barotrauma, leading to infections.
Fever:
In some instances, a fever may accompany an ear infection. Fever is the body’s way of fighting off infection. The Mayo Clinic suggests that a fever may develop if the middle ear becomes infected, often following an untreated barotrauma incident.

Overall, awareness of the symptoms can help travelers take preventive measures and seek treatment when necessary.

How Can You Recognize Symptoms of Airplane Ear?

Airplane ear, also known as barotrauma, occurs when there is a difference in pressure between the inside of the ear and the external environment, especially during takeoff and landing. Recognizing its symptoms can help manage discomfort effectively.

Key symptoms of airplane ear include:

Ear Pain: Travelers often experience sharp or dull pain in the ear, which results from pressure changes affecting the eustachian tube. According to the American Academy of Otolaryngology, this is a common reaction as the body struggles to equalize pressure.
Fullness in the Ear: Many people report a sensation of fullness or blockage in the ear. This feeling occurs when the eustachian tube does not open properly, leading to a buildup of pressure.
Hearing Loss: Temporary hearing impairment might occur. A study by Bhatia et al. (2018) noted that individuals might experience muffled hearing due to disrupted sound transmission caused by pressure differences.
Tinnitus: Some individuals experience ringing or buzzing sounds in the ear. Tinnitus can develop due to changes in pressure affecting the inner ear structures.
Dizziness: Changes in ear pressure can also impact balance, leading to lightheadedness or dizziness. This symptom arises from the inner ear’s role in maintaining equilibrium.
Nasal Congestion: Often accompanied by airplane ear, nasal congestion can make it more difficult for the eustachian tube to function properly. A study by Young et al. (2019) indicated that individuals with pre-existing nasal issues are at greater risk of developing airplane ear.

Immediate relief measures include swallowing, yawning, or using specialized techniques like the Valsalva maneuver, which involves gently blowing while pinching the nose. These actions can help equalize ear pressure and alleviate discomfort. In severe cases, consulting a healthcare provider may be necessary for further evaluation and treatment.

When Is It Necessary to Seek Medical Attention After Flying?

It is necessary to seek medical attention after flying if you experience severe or persistent ear pain. Air pressure changes during flights can cause discomfort, but lasting pain might indicate a barotrauma or an ear infection. You should also seek help if you have difficulty hearing, experience dizziness, or suffer from a persistent cough or shortness of breath. Symptoms like chest pain, swelling in the legs, or changes in vision warrant immediate medical attention. These issues can signify serious conditions such as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. If you experienced a recent illness, such as a cold or sinus infection, and notice worsening symptoms after flying, consult a healthcare professional as well. Prompt attention can prevent complications and ensure proper treatment.

What Causes Ear Problems When Flying?

Flying can cause ear problems due to changes in air pressure and air travel conditions. These issues often result in discomfort or pain during ascent and descent.

Key causes of ear problems when flying include:
1. Rapid changes in altitude.
2. Eustachian tube dysfunction.
3. Sinus congestion.
4. Middle ear infections.
5. Allergies.

Understanding the causes can help in managing and preventing discomfort during flights.

Rapid Changes in Altitude:
Rapid changes in altitude during takeoff and landing can create pressure differences between the inside of the ear and the external environment. This pressure difference can lead to a condition known as barotrauma, causing pain and sometimes temporary hearing loss. According to a study by Medscape (2021), about 20% of airplane passengers experience severe discomfort due to this pressure change.
Eustachian Tube Dysfunction:
Eustachian tube dysfunction occurs when the Eustachian tubes, which connect the middle ear to the back of the nose, do not open properly. This dysfunction prevents air from equalizing pressure in the middle ear, resulting in discomfort or pain during flights. A 2019 article in the Journal of Otolaryngology reported that individuals with previous Eustachian tube problems are more susceptible to this condition.
Sinus Congestion:
Sinus congestion can exacerbate ear problems when flying. Blocked sinuses restrict airflow to the middle ear, making pressure equalization difficult. The CDC highlights that congestion from colds, allergies, or sinus infections increases the risk of ear pain and pressure during flights. For example, a 2018 study revealed that passengers with sinus issues reported a 60% higher incidence of ear pain compared to those without sinus problems.
Middle Ear Infections:
Middle ear infections, also known as otitis media, can cause fluid buildup and inflammation, preventing proper pressure regulation in the ear. Research published in the International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology (2020) found that children are particularly at risk due to anatomical differences and more frequent ear infections. Passengers with recent ear infections may experience more severe symptoms when flying.
Allergies:
Allergic reactions can lead to inflammation and congestion in the nasal and ear passages. Seasonal allergies can worsen ear problems during flights, as inflammation may prevent the Eustachian tubes from functioning effectively. The American Academy of Otolaryngology reports that individuals with allergies often struggle with ear pain and pressure changes, making them more susceptible to discomfort while flying. This highlights the importance of addressing allergies before travel.

How Does Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Lead to Airplane Ear?

Eustachian tube dysfunction leads to airplane ear by preventing proper pressure regulation in the middle ear. The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the back of the throat. Its primary function is to equalize air pressure on both sides of the eardrum. During changes in altitude, such as during takeoff and landing, rapid shifts in air pressure occur.

When the Eustachian tube does not open correctly due to dysfunction, it fails to equalize the pressure. This creates a pressure imbalance, causing the eardrum to be pushed inward or outward. As a result, individuals may experience discomfort, pain, or a feeling of fullness in the ear, commonly referred to as airplane ear. Prolonged pressure imbalance can also lead to fluid accumulation and increase the risk of ear infections.

Can Allergies or Sinus Conditions Increase the Risk of Ear Infections During Flights?

Yes, allergies or sinus conditions can increase the risk of ear infections during flights.

Allergies and sinus conditions can cause nasal congestion. This congestion can block the Eustachian tubes, which connect the middle ear to the back of the throat. When flying, changes in air pressure during takeoff and landing can create pressure imbalance. If the Eustachian tubes cannot equalize pressure properly due to congestion, this may lead to fluid buildup in the middle ear, creating an environment conducive to infection. Additionally, allergic reactions can worsen symptoms, increasing the likelihood of developing an ear infection.

How Can You Prevent Ear Infections When Flying?

You can prevent ear infections when flying by taking measures to equalize pressure in your ears, stay hydrated, and avoid flying with a cold or allergies.

To elaborate on these preventive strategies:

Equalize pressure: When the aircraft climbs or descends, pressure changes can affect the ear. You can equalize the pressure by swallowing, yawning, or performing the Valsalva maneuver, which involves closing your mouth, pinching your nose, and gently blowing. This helps maintain balance in the middle ear and prevents discomfort or potential infections.
Stay hydrated: Drinking water during the flight ensures that your body is well-hydrated. Proper hydration helps keep the mucous membranes moist in your nasal passages and throat. This moisture can aid in clearing out any potential blockages in the Eustachian tubes, which connect the middle ear to the throat. A study published in the Journal of Travel Medicine (Smith et al., 2018) highlights hydration as a key factor in maintaining overall ear health during flights.
Avoid flying with a cold or allergies: Sinus congestion can increase the risk of ear infections on flights. If you have cold symptoms or allergies, it may be wise to postpone non-essential travel. If you must fly, consider using a saline nasal spray or antihistamines (with a doctor’s advice) to reduce nasal blockage and promote easier Eustachian tube function.

By following these strategies, you can significantly lower your risk of developing ear infections when flying.

What Strategies Can Help Equalize Ear Pressure While Flying?

To equalize ear pressure while flying, you can use several effective strategies. These strategies help to relieve discomfort caused by changes in altitude.

Swallow frequently
Yawn regularly
Perform the Valsalva maneuver
Use decongestants
Chew gum or suck on hard candy
Stay hydrated
Use earplugs designed for flying
Avoid sleeping during descent

These points highlight various methods individuals use to manage ear pressure. Each has unique benefits and may work differently for different people.

Swallow Frequently: Swallowing helps open the Eustachian tubes, which connect the throat to the middle ear. This action equalizes pressure and reduces discomfort. The Mayo Clinic recommends swallowing every few minutes during take-off and landing.
Yawn Regularly: Yawning can also open the Eustachian tubes. This natural action helps regulate ear pressure by allowing air to flow in and out of the middle ear. Frequent yawning or even mimicking a yawn can be effective, especially during descents.
Perform the Valsalva Maneuver: The Valsalva maneuver involves pinching the nose shut, closing the mouth, and gently exhaling to equalize ear pressure. This technique forces air into the Eustachian tubes. According to a study in the Journal of Otolaryngology, this method is particularly effective for individuals with blockage in the tubes.
Use Decongestants: Taking oral or nasal decongestants before a flight can reduce nasal swelling and promote easier pressure equalization. The American Academy of Otolaryngology suggests using these medications an hour before the flight for best results.
Chew Gum or Suck on Hard Candy: Chewing gum or sucking on candy encourages frequent swallowing. This method can help maintain Eustachian tube function. Many travelers find this approach enjoyable and effective during flights.
Stay Hydrated: Drinking fluids keeps mucus membranes in the throat moist, which is vital for proper Eustachian tube function. Health experts recommend drinking plenty of water before and during the flight to prevent dehydration.
Use Earplugs Designed for Flying: Specialized earplugs can help regulate the flow of air into the ear during altitude changes. These earplugs usually feature filters that slow down pressure changes, according to the British Medical Journal.
Avoid Sleeping During Descent: Staying awake during descent allows individuals to actively engage in equalization techniques. Many experts advise remaining alert to address pressure changes in the ears effectively.

Utilizing these strategies can significantly enhance comfort during air travel and prevent complications related to ear pressure changes.

Should You Use Chewing Gum or Earplugs to Prevent Ear Discomfort During Flights?

Yes, chewing gum can help prevent ear discomfort during flights. Chewing gum encourages swallowing, which can equalize pressure in the ears.

Ear discomfort during flights occurs due to changes in cabin pressure, especially during takeoff and landing. When the airplane ascends or descends, the pressure outside the ear changes quickly. Chewing gum stimulates salivation and encourages frequent swallowing. This action helps open the Eustachian tubes, which connect the middle ear to the back of the throat. Opening these tubes equalizes pressure, reducing the risk of discomfort and potential ear pain. Other methods include yawning or using specialized earplugs designed to regulate air pressure.

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