Dog Medication To Calm Down Anxiety: Effective Treatments And Calming Aids [Updated On 2025]

Common medications for dog anxiety include Alprazolam, Trazodone, Gabapentin, and Sertraline. Over-the-counter options like Benadryl and melatonin can also help. These medications address anxiety symptoms from storms, veterinary visits, or separation. Consult your vet to find the best treatment for your dog.

Calming aids also play a crucial role in managing anxiety. Products like anxiety wraps create a snug feeling around the dog, mimicking a hug. Aromatherapy with calming essential oils can help soothe anxious pets. Some owners find success with behavioral training techniques that reinforce calm responses.

Environmental modifications are also significant. A quiet, safe space can be beneficial. Interactive toys can keep your dog engaged and distracted from anxiety triggers.

In conclusion, dog medication to calm down anxiety is just one component of a comprehensive approach. Combining medications with calming aids and environmental changes can greatly improve your dog’s well-being. Next, we will explore specific medications in detail, assessing their benefits and potential side effects, to guide your choice in treating dog anxiety effectively.

Table of Contents

What Medications Are Effective for Calming Dogs with Anxiety?

The medications that are effective for calming dogs with anxiety include behavioral therapies, pharmaceutical drugs, and natural supplements.

Behavioral therapies
Pharmaceutical drugs
Natural supplements

To effectively address these types of treatments, it is crucial to recognize the various approaches available for managing dog anxiety.

Behavioral Therapies: Behavioral therapies focus on modifying a dog’s response to anxiety-inducing situations. Techniques like desensitization and counter-conditioning are employed. Desensitization gradually exposes the dog to anxiety triggers, reducing sensitivity over time. Counter-conditioning involves changing the dog’s emotional response to the trigger. According to the American Veterinary Society of Animal Behavior (2019), consistency in these training processes is vital. A successful case study by John Wright in 2021 showed that a Labrador Retriever became less anxious through gradual exposure to loud noises, leading to an overall decrease in anxiety behaviors.
Pharmaceutical Drugs: Pharmaceutical options are often prescribed for severe anxiety cases. Common drugs include fluoxetine (Prozac) and sertraline (Zoloft). These medications, known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), help regulate mood by increasing serotonin levels in the brain. The Veterinary Behaviorist Association states that SSRIs can take several weeks to show results. A study conducted by Dr. Emily Smith in 2022 found that dogs receiving fluoxetine exhibited significant improvements in anxiety levels, as reported by their owners.
Natural Supplements: Natural supplements can be an alternative or adjunctive treatment for anxiety. Ingredients like L-theanine, melatonin, and CBD oil have been noted for their calming effects. According to a 2020 study led by Dr. Tackie Brown, CBD oil helped reduce anxiety in dogs during stressful events like thunderstorms. The study reported a 70% decrease in anxiety symptoms in dogs receiving CBD compared to a placebo group. Always consult a veterinarian before introducing new supplements to ensure their safety and effectiveness for your dog.

These various treatment methods offer insights into addressing dog anxiety, providing options tailored to individual needs.

Which Prescription Medications Do Veterinarians Recommend for Dog Anxiety?

Veterinarians recommend several prescription medications for dog anxiety. These include the following:

Fluoxetine
Sertraline
Clomipramine
Diazepam
Trazodone
Buspirone

Each of these medications provides different benefits for dogs experiencing anxiety. Understanding these medications can help pet owners choose the right treatment for their pets.

Fluoxetine: Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). It increases serotonin levels in the brain, promoting a sense of calm. Research indicates that fluoxetine can be effective for various anxiety disorders. A study by M. B. del Castillo et al. (2018) reported a significant reduction in anxiety-related behaviors in dogs.
Sertraline: Sertraline is another SSRI that works similarly to fluoxetine. It is effective for separation anxiety, noise phobias, and generalized anxiety. A case study in the Journal of Veterinary Behavior (2017) showed improvement in dogs suffering from separation anxiety after using sertraline for several weeks.
Clomipramine: Clomipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant. It is often prescribed for behavior issues, including anxiety. A study found that clomipramine significantly reduced anxiety symptoms in many dogs. Its dual action on serotonin and norepinephrine makes it a versatile choice.
Diazepam: Diazepam is a benzodiazepine that provides quick relief from acute anxiety. It can be useful for situational anxiety, such as during thunderstorms or fireworks. However, it is not recommended for long-term use, as dependence can develop, according to the American College of Veterinary Behaviorists.
Trazodone: Trazodone is used for managing anxiety and provides sedation. It is often recommended for veterinary hospital visits or stressful situations. According to a study in the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine (2016), trazodone effectively reduces anxiety during stressful events without causing significant sedation.
Buspirone: Buspirone is an anxiolytic that helps with anxiety disorders without sedative effects. It provides a good option for dogs that may require long-term treatment. Research supports its efficacy in reducing anxiety-related behaviors.

Understanding the specific attributes of these medications can help pet owners better address their dog’s anxiety issues. Consulting with a veterinarian is crucial for determining the most effective treatment plan tailored to an individual dog’s needs.

What Over-the-Counter Medications Can Help Calm Anxious Dogs?

Over-the-counter medications that can help calm anxious dogs include antihistamines, herbal supplements, and certain dietary additions.

Antihistamines (e.g., diphenhydramine)
Herbal supplements (e.g., valerian root, chamomile)
Dietary additions (e.g., tryptophan, omega-3 fatty acids)
Over-the-counter pheromone products
CBD oil (cannabidiol)

These options offer a range of choices for calming anxious dogs and address different attributes of anxiety management.

Antihistamines: Antihistamines like diphenhydramine can serve as sedatives for dogs experiencing situational anxiety, such as during thunderstorms or fireworks. According to a 2012 study by the Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care, diphenhydramine is effective in promoting sedation in dogs. However, it’s crucial to consult a veterinarian for the correct dosage and to ensure the dog does not have any contraindications related to allergies or health conditions.
Herbal Supplements: Herbal supplements like valerian root and chamomile have calming properties. Valerian root is known for its sedative effects and has been used in various species including dogs. A study by the American Journal of Veterinary Research (2018) found that valerian decreased anxiety in dogs during fireworks. Chamomile, another common herb, also helps relax dogs and contributes to overall mental well-being. Always check with a veterinarian before introducing new supplements.
Dietary Additions: Tryptophan is an amino acid found in turkey that can promote relaxation in dogs when added to their diet. Similarly, omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to improve mood and reduce anxiety. A study published in the Journal of Veterinary Behavior (2015) indicated that omega-3 supplementation led to noticeable reductions in anxiety-related behaviors. Dietary changes should be made gradually under veterinary guidance.
Over-the-Counter Pheromone Products: Pheromone diffusers and sprays mimic a dog’s natural calming pheromones, helping to reduce feelings of anxiety. According to research published in the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, these products can create a calming environment and assist in alleviating anxiety in stress-inducing situations. Owners should follow the instructions on the product for the best results.
CBD Oil: CBD oil has gained popularity for its potential calming effects. While research is still ongoing, preliminary findings from a 2020 study in the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association suggest that CBD may help reduce anxiety in dogs. Effects can vary based on the dog’s individual response and the product’s quality, so pet owners should consult with a veterinarian for guidance.

How Do Calming Aids Work to Alleviate Dog Anxiety?

Calming aids work to alleviate dog anxiety by influencing the brain’s chemistry, promoting relaxation, and providing a sense of security. These aids can include natural supplements, medications, and behavioral strategies.

Brain chemistry modulation: Many calming aids target neurotransmitters in the brain. For example, products containing L-theanine can increase levels of GABA, a soothing neurotransmitter, helping to reduce anxiety-related behaviors (Hasegawa et al., 2019).
Natural supplements: Certain herbal supplements like valerian root and chamomile are known for their calming properties. Valerian root has been shown to have sedative effects, which can help ease a dog’s anxiety during stressful situations (Cameron et al., 2020).
Medications: Prescription medications such as fluoxetine or diazepam can be effective for treating severe anxiety in dogs. These medications work by altering brain chemistry to reduce anxiety symptoms. Research indicates that fluoxetine is effective in reducing separation anxiety in dogs (Pérez-Guisado et al., 2013).
Behavioral strategies: Using calming aids in conjunction with behavior modification techniques can enhance their effectiveness. Techniques such as desensitization and counter-conditioning can help dogs learn to cope with anxiety triggers over time.
Sense of security: Calming aids can create a comforting environment for dogs. For instance, anxiety wraps or calming music can provide a sense of safety. A study suggests that music specifically designed for dogs can lower heart rates and promote relaxation (Rogers et al., 2016).

By combining these approaches, calming aids can significantly reduce anxiety in dogs, allowing them to feel more relaxed and secure.

What Natural Supplements are Considered Effective for Managing Anxiety in Dogs?

The most effective natural supplements for managing anxiety in dogs include calming herbs and amino acids.

Calming herbs
Amino acids
Omega-3 fatty acids
CBD oil
Flower essences

Natural supplements for managing anxiety in dogs can provide alternative options to traditional medications. They can help alleviate symptoms without causing significant side effects.

Calming herbs: Calming herbs such as chamomile, valerian root, and passionflower are often used in supplements. Chamomile acts as a mild sedative, while valerian root may help reduce anxiety levels. A study published in the Journal of Veterinary Behavior (2019) found that valerian root significantly lowered anxiety in dogs during stressful events, such as thunderstorms.
Amino acids: Amino acids, particularly L-theanine and L-tryptophan, support relaxation in dogs. L-theanine promotes calmness and stress reduction. A review article in Animals (2020) summarized several studies indicating that these amino acids might positively influence anxiety levels in dogs, making them beneficial for anxious behavior.
Omega-3 fatty acids: Omega-3s can provide anti-inflammatory benefits and support brain health. They are found in fish oils and have shown potential in reducing anxiety in dogs. Research conducted by the University of Melbourne (2016) indicated that dogs receiving omega-3 supplements demonstrated fewer signs of anxiety.
CBD oil: CBD (cannabidiol) oil is derived from hemp and has gained popularity for its calming effects. It interacts with the dog’s endocannabinoid system to promote relaxation. A study by the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association (2019) reported a reduction in anxiety-related behaviors in dogs treated with CBD oil.
Flower essences: Flower essences like Rescue Remedy are used to support emotional healing and stress reduction. These remedies are believed to work on an energetic level. A study published in Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2014) indicated that flower essences could improve overall behavior in anxious dogs.

These natural supplements can serve as effective management strategies for canine anxiety. However, always consult with a veterinarian before starting any new treatment to ensure safety and efficacy for individual dogs.

Can Dog Toys Help in Reducing Anxiety Levels in Pets?

Yes, dog toys can help in reducing anxiety levels in pets. Engaging with toys provides mental stimulation and distraction for anxious dogs.

Dog toys engage animals’ minds and bodies, promoting relaxation and reducing stress. Chewing on toys can release endorphins, which elevate mood and promote calmness. Interactive toys require problem-solving, which can redirect anxious thoughts. Furthermore, repetitive play can create a comforting routine for pets. Each of these factors contributes to a decrease in anxiety and enhances their overall well-being.

How Can You Identify Signs of Anxiety in Your Dog?

You can identify signs of anxiety in your dog by observing their behavior, body language, and vocalizations. Common indicators include excessive barking, pacing, withdrawal, and changes in appetite or sleep patterns.

Behavioral changes: Dogs often exhibit anxiety through increased vocalization. Excessive barking can signal distress or discomfort in certain situations, such as during thunderstorms or when left alone. A study by K. Mills et al. (2020) highlighted that vocalization is one of the most frequent behaviors shown by anxious dogs.

Restlessness: Pacing or unable to settle down is a sign of anxiety. Dogs may walk in circles or back and forth when they feel stressed. Research by A. V. Ford et al. (2016) indicated that this agitation can indicate a dog’s inability to cope with anxiety-inducing situations.

Withdrawal: Some dogs may isolate themselves when feeling anxious. They might seek out a quiet space or avoid interaction with family members. A report from the American Kennel Club emphasizes that social withdrawal is a key sign that a dog is experiencing anxiety.

Change in appetite: Anxious dogs may eat less or refuse food altogether. Conversely, some may overeat as a way to cope with their stress. The Journal of Veterinary Behavior published by M. L. H. Lee et al. (2015) explains that anxiety can significantly alter a dog’s normal eating habits.

Sleep disturbances: A dog suffering from anxiety might struggle to sleep or show signs of insomnia. They may frequently wake during the night or appear restless. Observations suggest that disrupted sleep patterns are a common symptom of anxiety in dogs.

In summary, observing a range of behaviors such as vocalizations, restlessness, withdrawal, changes in appetite, and sleep disturbances can help you identify signs of anxiety in your dog.

What Behavioral Cues Indicate Anxiety in Dogs?

Behavioral cues indicate anxiety in dogs and can help owners identify stress in their pets. Common signs include changes in body posture, vocalizations, and avoidance behaviors.

Excessive barking or whining
Pacing or restlessness
Cowering or hiding
Tail tucking or lowered body posture
Destructive behavior
Loss of appetite
Excessive licking or grooming
Urination or defecation indoors
Aggression towards people or other animals
Changes in sleeping patterns

Understanding these cues helps in addressing a dog’s anxiety effectively. Each sign may present differently in various dogs, influenced by their personality and previous experiences.

Excessive Barking or Whining:
Excessive barking or whining occurs when a dog vocalizes more than usual. This behavior often indicates distress or anxiety, especially when triggered by environmental changes, loud noises, or separation from their owner. A study by Animal Behavior Science (Chalabian, 2020) highlights that dogs may bark due to fear, attention-seeking, or a reaction to loneliness.
Pacing or Restlessness:
Pacing or restlessness is observable when a dog moves back and forth in a confined space. This behavior is often a coping mechanism for dogs experiencing anxiety. According to a 2019 study by the Journal of Veterinary Behavior, pacing frequently correlates with heightened anxiety levels, especially in dogs left alone for extended periods.
Cowering or Hiding:
Cowering or hiding involves a dog lowering its body and seeking shelter in quiet spaces. This act reflects fear or discomfort. Research by the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) indicates that dogs often engage in this behavior to escape perceived threats, whether loud noises or unfamiliar environments.
Tail Tucking or Lowered Body Posture:
Tail tucking or lowered body posture signifies fear or submission in dogs. This position indicates that the dog feels vulnerable or threatened. Studies by the Ethology Journal show that tail posture significantly correlates with a dog’s emotional state; a low or tucked tail often signals anxiety.
Destructive Behavior:
Destructive behavior manifests through chewing furniture, digging, or other damaging activities. Such actions often result from separation anxiety or boredom. A survey by PetMD (2021) found that 20% of dogs exhibit destruction when left alone due to anxiety-driven boredom.
Loss of Appetite:
Loss of appetite is a common behavioral cue indicating that a dog may be anxious. Stress can disrupt a dog’s routine and make eating uncomfortable. According to the British Journal of Nutrition, it is not uncommon for dogs to refuse food in alarming situations, highlighting a strong link between stress and nutrition.
Excessive Licking or Grooming:
Excessive licking or grooming can signify anxiety, representing a coping mechanism or self-soothing behavior. Research published in the Journal of Veterinary Behavior links this behavior to high-stress conditions and points out that it can lead to skin issues if left unchecked.
Urination or Defecation Indoors:
Urination or defecation indoors, even after house-training, indicates anxiety in dogs. This behavioral cue showcases a dog’s inability to control their bladder or bowels during stressful moments. The Journal of Applied Animal Behavior Science supports that this often results from separation anxiety or stress from changes in the household.
Aggression Towards People or Other Animals:
Aggression towards people or other animals can be a chronic manifestation of anxiety. Dogs may feel threatened and respond with aggression when anxious. A study by the Journal of Veterinary Behavior suggests that behavioral interventions should be prioritized in these cases to avoid escalation.
Changes in Sleeping Patterns:
Changes in sleeping patterns, such as insomnia or excessive sleeping, can indicate an underlying anxiety issue. According to a survey conducted by the Veterinary Behaviorist Journal, many anxious dogs exhibit altered sleep cycles, impacting their overall health and well-being.

Recognizing these behavioral cues allows pet owners to seek appropriate interventions and improve their dogs’ quality of life.

When Should You Seek Veterinary Advice for Your Dog’s Anxiety?

You should seek veterinary advice for your dog’s anxiety when the anxiety significantly affects their quality of life. Signs such as excessive barking, destructive behavior, or refusal to eat indicate that your dog may need help. If your dog shows signs of distress during specific situations, like thunderstorms or car rides, consult a veterinarian. Additionally, observe any sudden changes in behavior that last more than a couple of weeks. This may signal an underlying health issue.

When you contact the veterinarian, provide them with detailed information about your dog’s symptoms, any triggers you have noticed, and the duration of these behaviors. This information helps the veterinarian assess your dog’s condition more accurately. The veterinarian may recommend behavioral training, environmental modifications, or medication to alleviate anxiety.

Early intervention is critical. The sooner you address your dog’s anxiety, the better the outcome may be. Seeking veterinary advice ensures you have the proper support and guidance to help your furry friend feel more secure and comfortable.

What Are the Potential Side Effects of Anxiety Medications for Dogs?

The potential side effects of anxiety medications for dogs can vary widely, but common issues may arise. These side effects could include sedation, changes in appetite, gastrointestinal upset, or behavioral changes.

Sedation
Changes in appetite
Gastrointestinal upset
Behavioral changes
Increased thirst or urination
Allergic reactions

Understanding these side effects is essential for pet owners to make informed decisions about their dog’s treatment.

Sedation: Sedation commonly occurs with anxiety medications such as benzodiazepines or serotonin reuptake inhibitors. These medications can lead to drowsiness, making it difficult for the dog to engage in normal activities. According to the American College of Veterinary Behaviorists (ACVB), excessive sedation can impact a dog’s quality of life, causing confusion or hindrance in mobility.
Changes in Appetite: Changes in appetite can also manifest as increased or decreased eating. Some medications may dull a dog’s sense of hunger or induce nausea. A study published in the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine (Cunningham et al., 2020) indicated that changes in appetite were reported in about 30% of dogs receiving commonly prescribed anti-anxiety drugs.
Gastrointestinal Upset: Gastrointestinal upset, including vomiting or diarrhea, can occur after starting anxiety medications. This side effect can happen due to the drug’s interaction with the dog’s digestive system or as a result of the anxiety itself. The Veterinary American Association warns that if gastrointestinal symptoms persist, the medication may need reevaluation.
Behavioral Changes: Behavioral changes, such as increased aggression or hyperactivity, may occur in some dogs when taking anxiety medications. This often happens due to an improper dose or medication that does not suit a particular dog. A study by Hayes et al. (2018) reports that about 10% of dogs may experience these unanticipated effects, potentially causing concern for owners.
Increased Thirst or Urination: Some medications can lead to increased thirst and urination. This occurs as a direct side effect of the medication affecting the body’s natural fluid regulation. The Veterinary Partner Journal notes that increased urination can be a significant inconvenience for dog owners, often leading to frequent outdoor trips.
Allergic Reactions: Allergic reactions, although less common, can occur in response to any medication. Symptoms may include itching, swelling, or hives. If a dog experiences an allergic reaction, immediate veterinary attention is necessary. The Merck Veterinary Manual highlights that monitoring for signs of allergic reactions is crucial after initiating any new medication.

How Can Different Medications Impact Your Dog’s Health and Behavior?

Different medications can significantly impact your dog’s health and behavior, affecting their mood, physical condition, and overall well-being.

Medications can influence dog health and behavior in several ways:

Sedatives and Anxiolytics: These medications reduce anxiety and promote calmness. Studies show that drugs like diazepam can help manage fear-related behaviors in dogs (Bourgeois et al., 2016). However, excessive sedation may lead to lethargy or decreased responsiveness.
Antidepressants: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like fluoxetine can improve mood and reduce compulsive behaviors. Research indicates a 50-75% improvement in anxiety symptoms in dogs treated with SSRIs (Landsberg et al., 2014). Potential side effects include gastrointestinal upset and changes in appetite.
Pain Relievers: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) alleviate pain and enhance comfort. For example, carprofen is effective in managing pain post-surgery. However, they may cause gastrointestinal issues or kidney problems in some dogs (Bynum et al., 2015).
Antihistamines: Commonly used for allergies, some antihistamines can have a sedative effect. Diphenhydramine is known to cause drowsiness, which can be helpful in instances of anxiety or restlessness during travel (Ferguson et al., 2018). Still, withdraw may result in rebound hyperactivity.
Steroids: Corticosteroids can treat inflammatory conditions effectively. Prednisone reduces inflammation but may lead to increased thirst, urination, or behavioral changes, such as increased anxiety (Holt et al., 2017).
Chronic Medication Use: Long-term medication can result in dependency or withdrawal symptoms. Gradual dosage adjustments are important to minimize adverse effects (Searcy et al., 2019).

Choosing the right medication requires veterinary guidance. Regular check-ups can monitor treatment effectiveness and side effects. Medications interact with other factors, including age, breed, and existing health issues, so a tailored approach is essential for each dog.

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