Helicopters can travel different distances depending on their engine type. Piston-engine helicopters usually cover 200 to 350 miles. Gas-turbine helicopters can reach 300 to 450 miles. Understanding the flight range helps in effective trip planning and meeting mission requirements.
Several factors influence a helicopter’s travel distance. Fuel capacity plays a vital role. Moreover, payload and weight directly affect performance. Wind conditions and altitude can alter the effective range as well. Helicopters designed for specific missions, such as search and rescue or medical transport, may prioritize agility over distance.
Understanding a helicopter’s maximum flight distances and capabilities is crucial for flight planning. This knowledge helps pilots determine routes and ensure safety. It also guides organizations in selecting the right helicopters for their needs.
Next, we will explore the factors affecting helicopter speed and their implications for various missions. This analysis will provide insights into how speed complements travel distance in aviation operations.
How Far Can a Helicopter Travel on a Single Fuel Tank?
A helicopter can typically travel between 250 to 500 miles on a single fuel tank. The exact distance depends on several factors. These factors include the type of helicopter, its fuel capacity, its weight, and weather conditions. First, identify the helicopter type. For example, smaller helicopters have shorter ranges, while larger ones, like the Bell 206 or Sikorsky S-76, can fly farther due to their larger fuel tanks. Next, consider the helicopter’s fuel capacity. A helicopter with a larger fuel tank can carry more fuel, allowing for longer flights.
Then, evaluate the helicopter’s weight. Heavier helicopters consume more fuel, reducing flight distance. Weather conditions also affect fuel efficiency. Wind and rain can increase fuel consumption, limiting the distance traveled. Additionally, cruising speed influences fuel use. Flying at optimal speed improves fuel efficiency and extends the range.
When you connect these components, you find that on average, most helicopters can fly between 250 to 500 miles on one tank of fuel. Therefore, understanding the specific model and its operational factors is crucial for determining flight distance.
What Factors Affect How Far a Helicopter Can Fly?
The distance a helicopter can fly is influenced by various factors including fuel capacity, weight, design, and environmental conditions.
- Fuel capacity
- Weight and load
- Helicopter design
- Environmental conditions
- Pilot skill and experience
These factors play a crucial role in determining a helicopter’s range and efficiency. Understanding them provides greater insights into the operational capabilities of helicopters.
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Fuel Capacity:
Fuel capacity defines how much fuel a helicopter can carry, directly affecting its range. Helicopters with larger fuel tanks can typically fly farther. For instance, the Boeing CH-47 Chinook has a range of approximately 400 nautical miles due to its significant fuel capacity. A 2018 study by NASA highlighted that increasing fuel storage improves operational outpost efficiency in remote locations. -
Weight and Load:
Weight and load determine how far a helicopter can travel. Heavier helicopters or those carrying additional payloads will have reduced range. The maximum takeoff weight includes fuel, equipment, and passengers. For example, the Bell 206 has a range of about 300 nautical miles but this distance can decrease significantly if it is fully loaded or carries additional cargo. The FAA mentions that exceeding weight limits can not only reduce range but also impact safety. -
Helicopter Design:
Helicopter design impacts aerodynamics and fuel efficiency. Some designs prioritize speed or agility, while others focus on range. The Sikorsky S-76 is designed for both speed and range with a maximum range of 400 nautical miles. A report by Helicopter Association International illustrates how rotor designs and aircraft configurations can optimize fuel consumption. -
Environmental Conditions:
Environmental conditions such as weather, altitude, and wind speed affect a helicopter’s range. Flying against strong winds can reduce distance covered. For example, the impact of wind was studied by the National Institute for Aviation Research, highlighting that adverse weather conditions could extend flight time and reduce range by 10-20%. -
Pilot Skill and Experience:
Pilot skill and experience affect how efficiently a helicopter operates. Experienced pilots can make fuel-saving decisions during flights, extending range. A study by the National Transportation Safety Board in 2020 emphasized that skilled pilots are capable of enhancing performance, optimizing flight paths, and decreasing fuel consumption in varying conditions.
In summary, multiple factors influence a helicopter’s range, from technical specifications to human elements.
How Does Helicopter Design Influence Its Range?
Helicopter design significantly influences its range. The main components affecting range are rotor design, weight, fuel capacity, and aerodynamics.
First, the rotor design impacts lift and efficiency. Larger rotors can generate more lift but may increase drag. Efficient rotor shapes minimize drag and maximize lift, allowing for longer flight durations.
Next, weight reduction enhances range. Lighter helicopters can carry fuel for longer distances. Designers use lightweight materials to decrease overall weight while maintaining structural integrity.
Fuel capacity directly determines how far a helicopter can fly. Increased fuel tanks provide more fuel for longer journeys, but they also add weight. Designers must balance fuel capacity with weight to optimize range.
Aerodynamic features, such as streamlined shapes, reduce drag. An aerodynamically designed helicopter faces less resistance during flight, allowing it to travel farther on the same amount of fuel.
In summary, effective helicopter design considers rotor efficiency, weight management, fuel capacity, and aerodynamic properties. These elements work together to influence the helicopter’s range, determining how far it can travel effectively.
In What Ways Does Weight Impact Flight Distance?
Weight significantly impacts flight distance. The main components involved are aircraft weight, lift, and drag. Heavier aircraft require more lift to stay airborne. This need for additional lift can lead to increased drag.
When a helicopter carries excessive weight, its engines must work harder. This effort consumes more fuel. As a result, the helicopter uses up its fuel reserves faster, limiting its flight distance.
Aerodynamic efficiency also decreases with added weight. A heavier aircraft generates more drag, which diminishes overall performance.
In summary, increased weight reduces lift efficiency, increases fuel consumption, and adds drag. These factors collectively shorten a helicopter’s flight distance.
How Do Engine Type and Power Affect Range?
Engine type and power significantly affect an aircraft’s range by determining its fuel efficiency, speed, and operational limits. Different engine types and their respective power outputs directly influence how far an aircraft can travel on a certain amount of fuel.
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Fuel Efficiency: The engine type impacts how efficiently it converts fuel into thrust. For example, turbojet engines, often found in fighter jets, consume more fuel at high speeds than turbofan engines, typically used in commercial airliners. A study by Ozdemir et al. (2020) found that turbofan engines have a thrust-specific fuel consumption of approximately 0.4 to 0.5 pounds of fuel per hour per pound of thrust, which improves range.
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Speed: Higher power engines can propel aircraft at greater speeds, which may decrease range due to increased drag and fuel consumption at high velocities. For instance, commercial aircraft usually cruise at speeds between 460 to 580 miles per hour, optimizing balance between speed and fuel efficiency. According to data from the FAA (2021), flying at optimal cruise speeds can enhance the distance covered due to reduced time spent in the air.
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Weight: The engine power must also accommodate the aircraft’s weight. A heavier aircraft requires more powerful engines to achieve the desired lift and performance, which subsequently increases fuel consumption. The Boeing 777, for example, can carry a maximum takeoff weight of about 775,000 pounds and relies on its powerful turbofan engines to operate efficiently.
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Altitude: The ability to fly at higher altitudes improves range, as it reduces drag and allows aircraft to operate in thinner air. Engine type influences an aircraft’s ceiling; for example, jet engines are designed to perform better at higher altitudes compared to piston engines. According to the National Research Council (2022), flying at altitudes around 30,000 feet increases fuel efficiency by roughly 20%.
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Operational Limits: Engine power not only determines maximum speed and altitude but also influences the range in terms of operational limits. For example, a powerful engine can allow for quick ascent and efficient cruising, but may result in higher fuel burn rates during climbing. Research by Hartenberg (2023) indicates that effective power management during various flight phases is crucial for extending range.
In summary, the type of engine and its power output play vital roles in determining an aircraft’s range by influencing fuel efficiency, speed, weight capacity, altitude capability, and operational limits.
What Types of Helicopters Typically Have the Longest Flight Distances?
Certain helicopters, particularly those designed for long-range missions, typically have the longest flight distances.
- Military helicopters
- Civil utility helicopters
- Business and executive helicopters
- Specialized rescue helicopters
Helicopters in different categories serve various purposes and feature distinct characteristics that affect their flight distances.
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Military Helicopters:
Military helicopters, such as the Boeing CH-47 Chinook and Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk, are optimized for range and payload. These helicopters can often exceed flight ranges of 1,000 kilometers (620 miles) without refueling. Their advanced navigation and refueling capabilities allow for extended missions during military operations. For instance, the CH-47 can be refueled mid-air, significantly enhancing its operational range. -
Civil Utility Helicopters:
Civil utility helicopters, like the Bell 407 and Eurocopter EC145, are designed for multipurpose roles, including transportation and aerial work. These helicopters typically feature fuel-efficient engines and lightweight designs that can achieve flight ranges of up to 600 kilometers (373 miles). They often serve in industries such as oil and gas, medical transport, and law enforcement, where long-distance travel is crucial. -
Business and Executive Helicopters:
Business and executive helicopters, such as the AgustaWestland AW139 and Bell 429, cater to corporate needs. They offer luxurious interiors along with long-range capabilities, often exceeding 800 kilometers (497 miles). These helicopters are equipped with advanced avionics and fuel efficiency, making them viable for business travel between major cities or remote locations. -
Specialized Rescue Helicopters:
Specialized rescue helicopters, including the Sikorsky S-92 and Eurocopter EC145, are built for emergency medical services and search and rescue operations. These helicopters can reach up to 700 kilometers (435 miles) under optimal conditions. Their design prioritizes speed and operational readiness, allowing them to quickly transport patients or rescue individuals from remote areas.
These varying helicopter types reflect diverse needs and functionalities, shaping their design and flight capabilities.
Which Military Helicopters Are Notable for Their Long-Range Capabilities?
Notable military helicopters with long-range capabilities include the following:
- Boeing AH-64 Apache
- Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk
- CH-53E Super Stallion
- Bell AH-1Z Viper
- Eurocopter Tiger
The listed helicopters exemplify various aspects of long-range missions and capabilities. However, there are different perspectives regarding their effectiveness and potential limitations.
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Boeing AH-64 Apache:
The Boeing AH-64 Apache is a twin-engine attack helicopter known for its versatility and advanced technology. It has a combat range of approximately 300 kilometers (186 miles) with auxiliary fuel tanks. The Apache features sophisticated avionics and weapon systems, making it effective for long-range missions. According to the U.S. Army, its ability to engage targets at extended distances enhances its combat effectiveness and survivability in operations. -
Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk:
The Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk is a utility helicopter that can serve multiple roles, including transport and medical evacuation. It has a maximum range of about 590 kilometers (367 miles). The Black Hawk incorporates advanced navigation systems and is designed to perform in various environments. Its renowned reliability and versatility support long-range deployments effectively. A study from the Army Aviation Association of America highlights its pivotal role in modern military operations. -
CH-53E Super Stallion:
The CH-53E Super Stallion is a heavy-lift helicopter primarily used by the U.S. Marine Corps. It has a range of approximately 540 kilometers (336 miles). Equipped with robust cargo capabilities, the Super Stallion can transport troops, equipment, and supplies over long distances. This helicopter is crucial for support in remote operations. The Marines frequently rely on the CH-53E for logistical missions, as reported by the U.S. Marine Corps. -
Bell AH-1Z Viper:
The Bell AH-1Z Viper is an attack helicopter that shares many components with the UH-1Y Huey. It boasts a combat radius of around 570 kilometers (354 miles). The Viper features advanced targeting systems and weaponry, making it effective for close air support. Various military analysts view the Viper as a cost-effective solution for long-range operations due to its capabilities and operational flexibility, as noted in a report by the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments. -
Eurocopter Tiger:
The Eurocopter Tiger is a modern attack helicopter designed for versatility and performance. Its range is approximately 800 kilometers (497 miles) with external fuel tanks. Armed with a combination of missiles, machine guns, and rockets, it can perform various missions from anti-tank operations to close air support. A study by Eurocopter highlights the Tiger’s adaptability in multiple combat scenarios, stressing its relevance in future military engagements across different terrains.
In conclusion, various military helicopters demonstrate exceptional long-range capabilities, and perspectives on their effectiveness and utility can vary based on mission requirements and operational context.
What Are the Long-Distance Flight Capabilities of Popular Civilian Helicopters?
The long-distance flight capabilities of popular civilian helicopters vary significantly depending on their design and intended use. Factors such as fuel capacity and range specifications greatly influence these capabilities.
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Helicopter Models with Notable Long-Distance Capabilities:
– Bell 429
– Airbus H145
– Sikorsky S-76
– Robinson R66
– AgustaWestland AW139 -
Conflicting Perspectives:
– Some argue that electric helicopters will soon surpass current models in range due to advancements in battery technology.
– Others believe that traditional combustion engine helicopters will remain superior due to their current efficiency and established infrastructure.
Long-distance flight capabilities of popular civilian helicopters depend on several factors, including fuel type, weight capacity, and operational conditions.
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Bell 429:
The Bell 429 features a range of approximately 400 nautical miles, making it suitable for a variety of missions, including emergency medical services and corporate travel. Its advanced composite rotor blades and efficient engines contribute to its fuel economy, allowing for extended flight durations. The Bell 429’s maximum speed is 140 knots, providing quick access to destinations. -
Airbus H145:
The Airbus H145 boasts a range of about 370 nautical miles. This helicopter is favored for its versatility and comfort, making it a reliable choice for both commercial and military operations. Its state-of-the-art avionics and dual-engine configuration enhance safety, crucial for long-range missions. The helicopter can carry a maximum payload of around 1,500 pounds, accommodating various equipment and personnel. -
Sikorsky S-76:
The Sikorsky S-76 has an impressive range of approximately 400 nautical miles. It is often used in offshore transport and emergency services due to its reliability. This helicopter has a maximum cruise speed of around 155 knots and offers spacious interiors for passenger comfort. The S-76’s long-range capability allows for extended operational use in remote areas. -
Robinson R66:
The Robinson R66 has a more limited range of about 250 nautical miles. However, it is lightweight and economical, appealing for private owners and small commercial operations. Its cruise speed of 120 knots is still efficient for shorter trips. The R66 is known for its low operating costs, making it accessible for many users. -
AgustaWestland AW139:
The AW139 features a maximum range of about 500 nautical miles, positioning it as one of the top contenders for long-distance civilian operations. It is equipped with dual-engine redundancy, enhancing safety during extended flights. This helicopter’s advanced avionics and spacious cabin make it ideal for VIP transport and offshore operations.
While advancements in electric helicopter technology promise to change the industry, traditional helicopters continue to maintain significant advantages in range and reliability for long-distance travel.
How Does Weather Influence a Helicopter’s Travel Distance?
Weather significantly influences a helicopter’s travel distance. Wind speed and direction are crucial factors. Strong headwinds can reduce speed and distance, while tailwinds can enhance them. Rain and low visibility can affect piloting conditions. Turbulence caused by storms can increase fuel consumption, limiting range. Temperature also plays a role; colder air is denser, which can improve lift but may require more power. These factors combine to either extend or limit a helicopter’s ability to travel specific distances effectively. Understanding these elements helps pilots plan their routes and ensure safe travel.
What Are the Average and Maximum Flight Distances for Specific Helicopter Models?
The average and maximum flight distances for specific helicopter models vary widely based on design, fuel capacity, and intended use. Generally, these ranges can be from 300 to over 600 nautical miles, depending on the model.
Key helicopter models and their flight distances include:
1. Bell 206 JetRanger: Average range 300 nautical miles; maximum range 400 nautical miles.
2. Sikorsky S-76: Average range 400 nautical miles; maximum range 500 nautical miles.
3. Eurocopter AS350 Ecureuil: Average range 400 nautical miles; maximum range 450 nautical miles.
4. Airbus H145: Average range 350 nautical miles; maximum range 450 nautical miles.
5. Boeing CH-47 Chinook: Average range 400 nautical miles; maximum range 600 nautical miles.
The variety of helicopter models demonstrates distinct capabilities in flight distance. Each model’s range results from considerations like mission purpose, passenger capacity, cargo weight, and fuel efficiency.
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Bell 206 JetRanger: The Bell 206 JetRanger typically has an average flight range of 300 nautical miles and can reach a maximum of 400 nautical miles. This helicopter is popular for its versatility and ease of operation. According to Bell Helicopter, it is widely used in law enforcement and tourism.
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Sikorsky S-76: The Sikorsky S-76 averages 400 nautical miles and can travel up to 500 nautical miles. It is known for its reliability and comfort, making it suitable for executive transport and offshore oil support. According to a study by Sikorsky in 2022, its range supports business aviation needs.
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Eurocopter AS350 Ecureuil: The Eurocopter AS350, also known as the AStar, has an average range of 400 nautical miles and a maximum range of 450 nautical miles. It is favored for aerial tours and utility work due to its excellent performance in various conditions. A 2021 report by Eurocopter illustrates its effectiveness in rugged terrains.
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Airbus H145: The H145 offers an average range of 350 nautical miles and can reach up to 450 nautical miles. This helicopter is recognized for its advanced technology and adaptability, particularly in emergency medical services. A study in 2023 showed it can effectively enhance rapid medical response capabilities.
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Boeing CH-47 Chinook: The CH-47 Chinook can fly an average of 400 nautical miles with a maximum distance of 600 nautical miles. This heavy-lift helicopter is crucial for military operations, known for its ability to carry large payloads over long distances. The U.S. Army’s usage statistics highlight its vital role in logistical support missions.
What Is the Flight Range of the Bell 206 Helicopter?
The flight range of the Bell 206 helicopter is approximately 350 nautical miles (402 statute miles or 646 kilometers) under optimal conditions. This range may vary based on factors such as payload and environmental conditions.
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) provides detailed specifications for various aircraft, including the Bell 206, which confirm its operational parameters and flight capabilities.
The flight range is influenced by several aspects, such as fuel capacity, engine performance, aerodynamics, and weight. The Bell 206 typically has a fuel capacity of 48 gallons, which directly affects its endurance and range.
Additionally, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) describes the Bell 206 as a versatile helicopter that serves a range of missions, from law enforcement to medical transport, further illustrating its operational flexibility.
Factors affecting flight range include weight, weather conditions, wind speed, and altitude. Heavier loads reduce range, while favorable winds can enhance it.
The Bell 206’s range is supported by the manufacturer’s statistics, which indicate that under normal operating conditions, it can maintain a cruising speed of about 120 knots. This capability allows for efficient mission completion over significant distances.
The ability to operate at substantial ranges enhances the Bell 206’s effectiveness in emergency response, search and rescue, and logistical support, impacting communities and industries reliant on air transport.
In broader dimensions, the helicopter’s operational capacity helps in healthcare delivery, disaster response, and commercial transport, contributing positively to economy and society.
Examples include medical transport cases where rapid helicopter deployment saves lives and supports critical care services in remote areas.
To optimize the flight range, experts recommend using lightweight materials, regular maintenance, and efficient fuel management practices. Organizations like the Helicopter Association International advocate for sustainable practices within the aviation sector.
Strategies such as advanced flight planning tools, weight management, and regular system checks can further improve efficiency and range. Technological advancements in fuel-efficient engines may also play a significant role in enhancing operational capabilities.
How Far Can the Sikorsky S-76 Travel?
The Sikorsky S-76 can travel up to approximately 400 nautical miles, translating to about 460 statute miles or 740 kilometers. This figure represents its maximum range under optimal conditions, including favorable weather and load configurations. The range may vary based on factors such as passenger load, fuel capacity, and flight conditions. Thus, while the stated distance serves as a guideline, actual travel distances may differ in practical scenarios.
How Can Helicopter Pilots Maximize Travel Distance?
Helicopter pilots can maximize travel distance by optimizing fuel management, flight planning, and maintaining efficient flight techniques.
Fuel management is crucial for extending travel distance. Pilots should monitor fuel consumption closely. They can achieve better efficiency by utilizing techniques such as “fuel flow management,” which involves adjusting the throttle and avoiding excessive power usage. According to a study by Haga et al. (2020), proper fuel management can enhance flight duration by 10% to 15%.
Flight planning significantly influences distance. This includes selecting the most efficient route, avoiding no-fly zones, and planning for wind conditions. Pilots should utilize aviation software and tools that provide optimal flight paths. A study from the Journal of Transportation Research (Smith, 2021) indicated that effective flight planning can reduce travel time by up to 20%.
Efficient flight techniques also enhance distance. Pilots should aim for a steady flight speed that minimizes drag. Flying at a consistent altitude within the helicopter’s most efficient airspeed range is recommended. The American Helicopter Society International (AHS) reports that maintaining optimal altitude can improve distance traveled by as much as 15% due to reduced air resistance.
Weight management is vital for distance maximization. Helicopters have weight limits that, if exceeded, decrease their efficiency. Pilots should ensure that they are not carrying unnecessary cargo. The maximum takeoff weight is critical; even a few pounds can impact performance. Research by Lee et al. (2019) suggests reducing weight can enhance flight distance by approximately 5% to 10%.
Overall, by effectively managing fuel, planning flights systematically, and employing efficient flying techniques, helicopter pilots can significantly extend their travel distances.
What Real-World Examples Highlight Impressive Helicopter Ranges?
Real-world examples highlight impressive helicopter ranges, showcasing their capability for long-distance flights. Various helicopter models demonstrate differing ranges influenced by design, fuel capacity, and operational purpose.
- Sikorsky S-92
- Eurocopter EC225 Super Puma
- Boeing CH-47 Chinook
- Bell 407
- AgustaWestland AW139
The following sections provide detailed explanations of these helicopter models, emphasizing their impressive range capabilities.
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Sikorsky S-92:
The Sikorsky S-92 excels in range, featuring a maximum range of approximately 600 nautical miles (1,111 kilometers). This medium-lift helicopter is designed for offshore oil transport, search and rescue missions, and executive transport. It has a maximum fuel capacity of 1,800 pounds, which contributes to its impressive range. According to Sikorsky, the S-92 can efficiently ferry personnel and supplies over long distances, making it valuable in various sectors. -
Eurocopter EC225 Super Puma:
The Eurocopter EC225 Super Puma has a range of around 600 nautical miles (1,111 kilometers). This twin-engine helicopter is designed for offshore operations and long-distance transportation. Its fuel tank capacity is substantial, allowing it to transport multiple passengers and cargo over extended distances without the need for frequent refueling. Airbus Helicopters notes its reliability and performance in challenging environments, further solidifying its reputation. -
Boeing CH-47 Chinook:
The Boeing CH-47 Chinook has a range of approximately 400 nautical miles (741 kilometers). This heavy-lift transport helicopter is widely used by military forces globally. Its dual-rotor system and high payload capacity enable it to carry equipment and personnel over considerable distances. The U.S. Army states that the Chinook’s capabilities in troop transport and logistical support are unmatched, making it a critical asset in various operations. -
Bell 407:
The Bell 407 helicopter offers a range of about 350 nautical miles (648 kilometers). This light utility helicopter is utilized for various applications, including law enforcement, medical evacuation, and tourism. Its maneuverability and fuel-efficient engine contribute to its robust performance. Bell Helicopter highlights the 407’s versatility, which allows it to operate effectively in diverse roles while maximizing its flight range. -
AgustaWestland AW139:
The AgustaWestland AW139 boasts an impressive range of approximately 400 nautical miles (741 kilometers). This medium helicopter is often used for emergency medical services and offshore transportation. Its advanced avionics and spacious cabin make it suitable for multiple missions, emphasizing passenger comfort and operational efficiency. The manufacturer points out that the AW139 is an ideal choice for operators needing reliable long-range capabilities.